Armstrong v. Dugger’s Empirical Analysis
833 F.2d 1430 · 1987
Citation profile
34 federal appellate · 2 district · 12 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 89 later decisions — most recently October 2019 · most notably Waters v. Thomas (1995), Blanco v. Singletary (1991)
34 federal appellate · 2 district · 12 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Applies 28 U.S.C. § 2254 (Antiterrorism and Effective Death Penalty Act of 1996)
Relies on Strickland v. Washington · Wainwright v. Sykes · Gregg v. Georgia · Lockett v. Ohio · Eddings v. Oklahoma
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 89 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“major requirement of the penalty phase of a trial”
5 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“'accorded a strong presumption of reasonableness.'”
2 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“mentally retarded and had organic brain damage”
2 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.