Russell v. State’s Empirical Analysis
1992
Citation profile
3
cited by 3 later decisions
1
states following
October 2007
most recently cited
3 state decisions
Relationships
Relies on Almanza v. State · Arline v. State · Saxton v. State · Luck v. State · 140 Tex. Crim. 424 - Wilson v. State
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 3 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“(a) An affirmative defense in this code is so labeled by the phrase: “It is an affirmative defense to prosecution....” (c) The issue of the existence of an affirmative defense is not submitted to the jury unless evidence is admitted supporting the defense. (d) If the issue of the existence of an affirmative defense is submitted to the jury, the court shall charge that the defendant must prove the affirmative defense by a preponderance of evidence.”
1 later decision quote this exact passagee.g. Shelvin v. State
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.