Griess v. Colorado’s Empirical Analysis
841 F.2d 1042 · 1988
Citation profile
103 federal appellate · 20 district · 6 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 179 later decisions — most recently September 2020 · most notably Medina v. City & County Denver (1992), Richison v. Ernest Group, Inc. (2011)
103 federal appellate · 20 district · 6 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Applies 42 U.S.C. § 1981 (Civil Rights Act of 1866) · 42 U.S.C. § 1983 (Civil Rights Act of 1871 / Section 1983 (Ku Klux Klan Act))
Relies on Harlow v. Fitzgerald · Wolff v. McDonnell · Mitchell v. Forsyth · Edelman v. Jordan · Kentucky v. Graham
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 179 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“'are free to affirm a district court decision on any grounds for which there is a record sufficient to permit conclusions of law, even grounds not relied upon by the district court.'”
19 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“[T]he state's position boils down to an attempt unilaterally to extend its sovereign immunity to all of its employees by the assumption of an illusory obligation for indemnification. . . . The state's constitutional immunity cannot be artificially manipulated in this fashion.”
2 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majoritye.g. Middleton v. Hartman · Inez Sales“courts should ordinarily determine the existence and character of the underlying constitutional violation(s) before proceeding to the immunity question,”
2 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majoritye.g. Austin v. Hamilton · Austin
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.