Ruff v. Kincheloe’s Empirical Analysis
843 F.2d 1240 · 1988
Citation profile
15 federal appellate · 1 district ·
How this case has been cited
Cited by 19 later decisions — most recently July 2004
15 federal appellate · 1 district ·
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Applies 28 U.S.C. § 2254 (Antiterrorism and Effective Death Penalty Act of 1996)
Relies on Chapman v. State of California · Wainwright v. Sykes · Murray v. Carrier · United States v. Frady · Sandstrom v. Montana
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 19 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“might have contributed to the conviction”
2 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“possibly influenced the jury adversely to the litigant”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majority
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.