United States v. Warner’s Empirical Analysis
843 F.2d 401 · 1988
Citation profile
40 federal appellate · 2 district · 8 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 62 later decisions — most recently August 2018 · most notably United States v. Wanless (1989), United States v. Kelley (1992)
40 federal appellate · 2 district · 8 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Applies 18 U.S.C. § 3731
Relies on Katz v. United States · United States v. Leon · Coolidge v. New Hampshire · United States v. Matlock · Mincey v. Arizona
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 62 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“those circumstances that would cause a reasonable person to believe that entry (or other relevant prompt action) was necessary to prevent physical harm to the officers or other persons, the destruction of relevant evidence, the escape of the suspect, or some other consequence improperly frustrating legitimate law enforcement efforts.”
5 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“Exigencies must be viewed from the totality of the circumstances known to the officer at the time of the warrantless entry.”
2 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“[e]xigent circumstances include the need to protect or preserve life or avoid serious injury.”
2 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.