United States v. Clemons’s Empirical Analysis
843 F.2d 741 · 1988
Citation profile
84 federal appellate · 3 district · 34 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 145 later decisions (1 by the Supreme Court) — most recently August 2023 · most notably Snyder v. Louisiana (2008), United States v. Bishop (1992)
84 federal appellate · 3 district · 34 state decisions — followed in 19 states
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Applies 18 U.S.C. § 1512 · 21 U.S.C. § 846 (§ 406 of the Controlled Substances Act)
Relies on Chapman v. State of California · Batson v. Kentucky · In the Matter of Samuel Winship · Delaware v. Van Arsdall · Buckley v. Valeo
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 145 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“(1) a pattern of strikes against black jurors in a particular venire; and (2) a prosecutor's questions and statements during the selection process.”
6 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“mere presence of a single black on the jury would not necessarily prevent a finding of a prima facie case”
6 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“[s]triking a single black juror could constitute a prima facie case even when blacks ultimately sit on the panel and even when valid reasons exist for striking other blacks).”
3 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.