Reed v. Bowen’s Empirical Analysis
849 F.2d 1307 · 1988
Citation profile
19 federal appellate · 56 district · 2 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 110 later decisions — most recently August 2022 · most notably Frederic v. Alex Valdez, Tabor v. Hilti, Inc. (2013)
19 federal appellate · 56 district · 2 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Relies on Valley Forge Christian College v. Americans United for Separation of Church and State, Inc. · Allen v. Wright · Gerstein v. Pugh · General Telephone Co. of Southwest v. Falcon · Sosna v. Iowa
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 110 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“(1) the class is so numerous that joinder of all members is impracticable, (2) there are questions of law or fact common to the class, (3) the claims or defenses of the representative parties are typical of the claims or defenses of the class, and (4) the representative parties will fairly and adequately protect the interests of the class.”
23 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“A party seeking to certify a class is required to show ... that all the requirements of [ rule 23(a) ] are clearly met.”
4 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“Although the party seeking to certify a class bears the burden of proving that all the requirements of Rule 23 are met, the district court must engage in its own 'rigorous analysis' of whether 'the prerequisites of Rule 23(a) have been satisfied.'”
2 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.