85 Ohio App. 3d 475 - State v. Johnston’s Empirical Analysis
1993
Citation profile
37 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 37 later decisions — most recently September 2023 · most notably 145 Ohio App. 3d 116 - State v. Wallace (2001), 347 N.J. Super. 382 - State v. Sirianni (2002)
37 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Relies on Terry v. Ohio · Florida v. Royer · United States v. Mendenhall · Florida v. Bostick · State v. Schiebel
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 37 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“[l]aw enforcement officers do not violate the Fourth Amendment by merely approaching an individual on the street or in another public place. * * * More pertinently, the mere approach and questioning of persons seated within parked vehicles does not constitute a seizure so as to require reasonable suspicion supported by specific and articulable facts.”
2 later decisions quote this exact passage“not all personal intercourse between policemen and citizens involves `seizures' of persons. Only when the officer, by means of physical force or show of authority, has in some way restrained the liberty of a citizen may we conclude that a `seizure' has occurred.”
1 later decision quote this exact passage“[a] seizure does not occur when an officer `merely approaches] an individual on the street or in another public place, by asking him if he is willing to answer some questions, [or] by putting questions to him if the person is willing to listen'”
1 later decision quote this exact passage
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.