Herren v. Bowyer’s Empirical Analysis
850 F.2d 1543 · 1988
Citation profile
13 federal appellate · 1 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 32 later decisions — most recently January 2013 · most notably Courson v. McMillian (1991), Stewart v. Baldwin County Board of Education (1990)
13 federal appellate · 1 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Applies 42 U.S.C. § 1983 (Civil Rights Act of 1871 / Section 1983 (Ku Klux Klan Act))
Relies on Harlow v. Fitzgerald · Anderson v. Creighton · Mitchell v. Forsyth · Rich v. Dollar
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 32 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“public officials performing discretionary functions enjoy qualified [or good faith] immunity from civil damages liability 'insofar as their conduct does not violate clearly established statutory or constitutional rights of which a reasonable person [w]ould have known.'”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majority“[t]he contours of the right must be sufficiently clear that a reasonable official would understand that what he is doing violates that right.”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majoritye.g. Courson v. McMillian“a reasonable official could have believed his actions were lawful in light of clearly established law.”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majoritye.g. Wilson v. Bailey
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.