United States v. Gray’s Empirical Analysis
852 F.2d 136 · 1988
Citation profile
27 federal appellate · 5 district · 19 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 59 later decisions — most recently June 2021 · most notably United States v. Vontsteen (1992), United States v. Pimienta-Redondo (1989)
27 federal appellate · 5 district · 19 state decisions — followed in 14 states
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Applies 18 U.S.C. § 371 · 18 U.S.C. § 875 · 26 U.S.C. § 7206
Relies on North Carolina v. Pearce · Local 408, International Brotherhood of Teamsters v. National Labor Relations Board · Poland v. Arizona · Adman v. United States · Kelly v. United States
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 59 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“resentencing will not be considered vindictive if the ultimate sentence for one or more counts does not exceed that given for all counts sentenced at the conclusion of the first trial”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majoritye.g. Baker v. State“[t]he ten year time limit in Fed. R. Evid. 609(b) is therefore not applicable.”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majority
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.