Ross v. Runyon’s Empirical Analysis
1994
Citation profile
2 federal appellate · 25 district · 1 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 28 later decisions — most recently June 2019 · most notably Aka v. Washington Hospital Center (1997), Hayes v. Shalala (1995)
2 federal appellate · 25 district · 1 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Applies 42 U.S.C. § 1981A · 42 U.S.C. § 2000E (§ 701 of the Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964)
Relies on Anderson v. Liberty Lobby, Inc. · Celotex Corporation v. Catrett H · McDonnell Douglas Corp. v. Green · Laningham v. United States Navy · McCoy v. WGN Continental Broadcasting Co.
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 28 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“While summary judgment can properly be granted at [the] stage of the proceedings in some cases, it is often difficult for a plaintiff to offer direct proof of an employer’s discrimination. For that reason, summary disposition of Title VII cases is not favored and the court “must be extra-careful to view all the evidence in the light most favorable” to the plaintiff.”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majority
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.