860 F.2d 1545 - Brock v. Shirk — 860 F.2d 1545

How this case has been cited

Cited by 40 later decisions (2 by the Supreme Court) — most recently December 2008 · most notably Saffle v. Parks (1990), Victor Wayne Hooks v. Ron Ward (1999)

29 federal appellate ·

Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.

On Remand from the Supreme Court of the United States.

Before WRIGHT, WALLACE and PREGERSON, Circuit Judges.

ORDER

¶1

The Supreme Court granted a petition for writ of certiorari, --- U.S. ----, 109 S.Ct. 38, 102 L.Ed.2d 18, it vacated our judgment of December 8, 1987, Brock v. Shirk, 833 F.2d 1326 (9th Cir.1987), and remanded the case to this court for further consideration in light of McLaughlin v. Richland Shoe Co., 486 U.S. ----, 108 S.Ct. 1677, 100 L.Ed.2d 115 (1988).

¶2

In Section II of our opinion, we followed the controlling precedent of this circuit in determining the meaning of the word "willful" in 29 U.S.C. Sec. 255. We relied upon Marshall v. Union Pac. Motor Freight Co., 650 F.2d 1085, 1092 (9th Cir.1981), and EEOC v. First Citizens Bank of Billings, 758 F.2d 397 (9th Cir.1985).

Our footnote 2 observed prophetically:

¶3

We recognize that other circuits have questioned that definition of willful, and that the Supreme Court will likely resolve the existing conflict among the circuits. See Brock v. Richland Shoe, 799 F.2d 80 (3d Cir.1986), cert. granted [--- U.S. ----, 108 S.Ct. 63, 98 L.Ed.2d 27] (1987). First Citizens is still the law of this circuit. It controls here.

¶4

The Court has indeed resolved the matter in McLaughlin v. Richland Shoe Co. We now remand the cause to the district court for appropriate reconsideration in light of that opinion.