Gates v. Zant’s Empirical Analysis
863 F.2d 1492 · 1989
Citation profile
27 federal appellate · 1 district · 16 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 86 later decisions (2 by the Supreme Court) — most recently December 2017 · most notably Withrow v. Williams (1993), Spaziano v. Singletary (1994)
27 federal appellate · 1 district · 16 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Applies 28 U.S.C. § 2254 (Antiterrorism and Effective Death Penalty Act of 1996)
Relies on Strickland v. Washington · Miranda v. State of Arizona Vignera · Hill v. Lockhart · Wainwright v. Sykes · Sandstrom v. Montana
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 86 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“The more experienced an attorney is, the more likely it is that his decision to rely on his own experience and judgment in rejecting a defense without substantial investigation was reasonable under the circumstances.”
6 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“A defendant who is procedurally barred from raising a federal constitutional claim in state court is also barred from raising the claim in a federal habeas petition unless he can show cause for and actual prejudice from making the default.”
4 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majoritye.g. Smith v. Newsome · Pelmer v. White“[I]f an attorney is aware of a line of defense and makes a conscious decision to reject it, rather than failing to raise it simply because he was unaware it existed, it is more likely that the failure to raise the defense was reasonable.”
3 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majoritye.g. Daniels v. State · Jones v. State
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.