Santiago-Negron v. Castro-Davila’s Empirical Analysis
865 F.2d 431 · 1989
Citation profile
72 federal appellate · 33 district · 4 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 135 later decisions — most recently September 2023 · most notably Correa-Martinez v. Arrillaga-Belendez (1990), Floyd v. Laws (1991)
72 federal appellate · 33 district · 4 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Applies 33 U.S.C. § 1251 (Alternative Water Sources Act of 2000) · 42 U.S.C. § 1981 (Civil Rights Act of 1866) · 42 U.S.C. § 1983 (Civil Rights Act of 1871 / Section 1983 (Ku Klux Klan Act))
Relies on Mt. Healthy City School District Board of Education v. Doyle · Perry v. Sindermann · Monroe v. Pape · Elrod v. Burns · Imbler v. Pachtman
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 135 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“[I]n a § 1983 case based upon an alleged unconstitutional political firing where the issues of liability and compensatory damages will be determined by a jury, back pay shall be considered by the jury as one of the items of compensatory damages.”
4 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the concurrence“'We do not think that a new administration can use the "nullity”
3 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“Submission of the issue of back pay to the jury as a factor to be considered in its award of compensatory damages eliminates the inevitable overlap between compensatory damages and back pay. In most cases of an alleged unconstitutional firing, there will be evidence of the employee’s pay. To expect a jury to ignore this is unrealistic, especially where it may constitute the major item of compensatory damages.”
2 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the concurrence
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.