Waldrop v. Evans’s Empirical Analysis
871 F.2d 1030 · 1989
Citation profile
61 federal appellate · 7 district · 1 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 153 later decisions — most recently November 2022 · most notably Chance v. Armstrong (1998), Harris v. Thigpen (1991)
61 federal appellate · 7 district · 1 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Applies 28 U.S.C. § 1291 · 42 U.S.C. § 1983 (Civil Rights Act of 1871 / Section 1983 (Ku Klux Klan Act))
Relies on Harlow v. Fitzgerald · Anderson v. Creighton · Estelle v. Gamble · Mitchell v. Forsyth · Malley v. Briggs
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 153 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“their conduct does not violate clearly established statutory or constitutional rights of which a reasonable person would have known.”
4 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“[C]hoice of an easier but less efficacious course of treatment can constitute deliberate indifference.”
4 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“so grossly incompetent, inadequate, or excessive as to shock the conscience or to be intolerable to fundamental fairness.”
3 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.