United States v. Fields’s Empirical Analysis
871 F.2d 188 · 1989
Citation profile
82 federal appellate · 8 district · 9 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 111 later decisions — most recently June 2021 · most notably United States v. Zannino (1990), Gutierrez-Rodriguez v. Cartagena (1989)
82 federal appellate · 8 district · 9 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Applies 18 U.S.C. § 1951 (Hobbs Act) · 18 U.S.C. § 2113 · 18 U.S.C. § 371 · 18 U.S.C. § 924
Relies on United States v. United States Gypsum Co. · Neil v. Biggers · Manson v. Brathwaite · Pinkerton v. United States · Huddleston v. United States
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 111 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“must be considered in light of the remoteness in time of the other act and the degree of resemblance to the crime charged.”
5 later decisions quote this exact passage“Next, the judge balances the probative value of the evidence against the danger of unfair prejudice, pursuant to Fed.R.Evid. 403.”
3 later decisions quote this exact passage““[I]f there is simply no other practical means to prove the point, then the need factor points strongly toward receipt of other crimes evidence. If, on the contrary, the point is conceded, or strongly supported by other proof, then the need factor points toward exclusion, and should weigh heavily, perhaps decisively, on the scales.””
2 later decisions quote this exact passage
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.