United States v. Traitz’s Empirical Analysis
871 F.2d 368 · 1989
Citation profile
44 federal appellate · 5 district · 8 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 88 later decisions — most recently March 2021 · most notably United States v. Pungitore (1990), United States v. Console (1993)
44 federal appellate · 5 district · 8 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Applies 18 U.S.C. § 1341 (White-Collar Crime Penalty Enhancement Act of 2002) · 18 U.S.C. § 1951 (Hobbs Act) · 18 U.S.C. § 1952 · 18 U.S.C. § 1961 (§ 901 of the Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organizations Act) · 18 U.S.C. § 1962 (§ 901 of the Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organizations Act) · 18 U.S.C. § 201 (Bank Bribery Amendments) · 18 U.S.C. § 2516 (Electronic Communications Privacy Act of 1986) · 18 U.S.C. § 2518 (Electronic Communications Privacy Act of 1986)
Relies on Jackson v. Virginia · United States v. Ventresca · Vandygriff v. Phillips · Huddleston v. United States · Hannahville Indian Community v. United States
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 88 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“'a shared tradition' of violence, ... a 'symbiotic relationship' ... [and] 'the background of the charges, the parties' familiarity with one another and their concert of action.'”
4 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“is not designed to insulate illegal conduct.”
3 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“Rather, the basis for the defense is that relying upon counsel's advice, the defendant lacked the requisite intent to violate the law.”
2 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.