Morales v. Fry’s Empirical Analysis

Citation profile

1 state decisions

Most-quoted passages

The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 17 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.

1. “[a] bifurcation of duties is unavoidable: only the jury can decide the disputed factual issues, while only the judge can decide whether the right was clearly established once the factual issues are resolved.”

   2 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority
   e.g. Reese v. Cnty. of Sacramento · Rodriguez v. Cnty. of L. A.

2. “balance[s] two important, competing interests: the need to hold public officials accountable for irresponsible actions, and the need to shield them from liability when they make reasonable mistakes.”

   2 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority
   e.g. Easley v. City of Riverside · Koller v. Harris

3. “'clearly established' inquiry is a question of law that only a judge can decide.”

   2 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority
   e.g. Rodriguez v. Cnty. of L. A. · Thomas v. Cannon