Howe v. Hull’s Empirical Analysis
1994
Citation profile
2 federal appellate · 9 district ·
How this case has been cited
Cited by 21 later decisions — most recently February 2013
2 federal appellate · 9 district ·
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Applies 28 U.S.C. § 1331 · 42 U.S.C. § 12101 (§ 2 of the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990) · 42 U.S.C. § 12102 (§ 3 of the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990) · 42 U.S.C. § 12182 (§ 302 of the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990)
Relies on Carparts Distribution Center, Inc. v. Automotive Wholesaler's Ass'n of New England, Inc. · Lewis v. Sears, Roebuck & Co. · 68 Ohio St. 3d 435 - Clark v. Southview Hospital & Family Health Center · Vakharia v. Swedish Covenant Hospital · 843 F. Supp. 1092 - United States v. Morvant
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 21 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“[n]o individual shall be discriminated against on the basis of disability in the full and equal enjoyment of the goods, services, facilities, privileges, advantages, or accommodations of any place of public accommodation by any person who owns, leases (or leases to), or operates a place of public accommodation.”
2 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“Nothing in the ADA compels a health care provider to treat an individual who requires care beyond the provider’s ability or expertise. A provider may refer an individual with a disability to another health care provider if, in the normal course of its operations, “the referring provider would make a similar referral for an individual without a disability....””
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majority“to subject an individual or class of individuals on the basis of a disability or disabilities of such individual or class, directly, or through ... other arrangements, to a denial of the opportunity of the individual or class to participate in or benefit from the ... accommodation;”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majority
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.