United States v. Williams’s Empirical Analysis
876 F.2d 1521 · 1989
Citation profile
81 federal appellate · 2 district · 2 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 145 later decisions — most recently May 2019 · most notably United States v. Levy (1990), United States of America v. Marion Promise (2001)
81 federal appellate · 2 district · 2 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Applies 21 U.S.C. § 812 (§ 202 of the Controlled Substances Act) · 21 U.S.C. § 841 (§ 401 of the Controlled Substances Act) · 21 U.S.C. § 846 (§ 406 of the Controlled Substances Act)
Relies on Terry v. Ohio · United States v. Cortez · United States v. Sokolow · United States v. Sharpe · Vandygriff v. Phillips
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 145 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“nature and quantity of the controlled substance are relevant only to sentencing and do not constitute elements of a lesser included offense”
3 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“methamphetamine” to signify the harsher form of methamphetamine, i.e., D-methamphetamine. Since the drug equivalency table does not use the term Dextro-methamphetamine, but does employ the term Levo-methamphetamine, it is clear that Patrick's indictment was for Dex-tro, otherwise the indictment would have specified Levo. 5 . In a similar fact situation, but in a case concerning congressional use of the term "cocaine base,” we found that "those concerned with relevant legislation understood cocaine base to refer to crack and intended to enhance penalties for crack dealers.”
2 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“The Terry [ v. Ohio , 392 U.S. 1 , 88 S.Ct. 1868 , 20 L.Ed.2d 889 (1968)], rationale . . . permits police officers to stop a moving automobile based on a reasonable suspicion that its occupants are violating the law. . . . Reasonable suspicion is determined from the totality of the circumstances. . . .”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majority
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.