United States v. Fernandez’s Empirical Analysis
877 F.2d 1138 · 1989
Citation profile
113 federal appellate · 4 district · 1 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 141 later decisions — most recently August 2023 · most notably United States v. DeFusco (1991), United States v. Ramos (1991)
113 federal appellate · 4 district · 1 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Applies 18 U.S.C. § 2 · 18 U.S.C. § 3553 · 18 U.S.C. § 3742 · 21 U.S.C. § 952 · 28 U.S.C. § 994
Relies on Boykin v. Alabama · North Carolina v. Alford · Santobello v. New York · McCarthy v. United States · Mistretta v. United States
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 141 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“maximum possible penalty provided by law”
4 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“was not required to calculate and explain the Guidelines sentence to [Pate] before accepting the plea, for, once appellant was informed of the possible consequences enumerated in the Rule--the maximum and the minimum sentences--the requisites of Rule 11 were met.”
2 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“[A] defendant's guilty plea must be both knowing and voluntary in order to be valid, and ... the defendant's decision to plead must constitute a 'deliberate, intelligent choice between available alternatives.'”
2 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.