United States v. Jacobowitz’s Empirical Analysis
877 F.2d 162 · 1989
Citation profile
24 federal appellate · 3 district ·
How this case has been cited
Cited by 39 later decisions — most recently January 2021 · most notably United States v. Maldonado-Rivera (1990), United States v. Concepcion (1992)
24 federal appellate · 3 district ·
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Applies 15 U.S.C. § 1644 (§ 134 of the Truth in Lending Act) · 18 U.S.C. § 1029
Relies on Simmons v. United States · Neil v. Biggers · Schmerber v. State of California · Manson v. Brathwaite · Gilbert v. California
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 39 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“'[w]ith intent to defraud' means that the offender has a conscious objective, desire or purpose to deceive another person, and to induce such other person, in reliance upon such deception, to assume, create, transfer, alter or terminate a right, obligation or power with reference to property.”
2 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“so impermissibly suggestive as to give rise to a very substantial likelihood of irreparable misidentification.”
2 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“any access device that is lost, stolen, expired, revoked, canceled, or obtained with intent to defraud....”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majority
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.