Public-domain · open source
OpenJurist
← 877 F.3d 650 - United States v. Kizzee

United States v. Kizzee’s Empirical Analysis

877 F.3d 650 · 2017

Citation profile

16
cited by 16 later decisions
1
states following
December 2025
most recently cited

8 federal appellate · 1 state decisions

Relationships

Applies 18 U.S.C. § 922 (Brady Handgun Violence Prevention Act) · 18 U.S.C. § 924 · 21 U.S.C. § 841 (§ 401 of the Controlled Substances Act)

Relies on Chapman v. State of California · Crawford v. Washington · Davis v. Washington · Tennessee v. Street · Peoples v. United States

Most-quoted passages

The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 16 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.

  1. “no reasonable possibility that the evidence complained of might have contributed to the conviction.”
    4 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority
  2. “out-of-court statements are not offered for the truth of the matter asserted therein, but instead for another purpose: to explain the officer's actions.”
    3 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority
  3. “exceeding the limited need to explain an officer's actions can violate the Sixth Amendment,”
    3 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority

How this case has been treated — in progress

Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.