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88 Cal. 176

People v. Barton

California Supreme Court

Decided March 2, 1891

California Supreme Court · decided 1891-03-02

<p>Appeal from a judgment of the Superior Court of the city and county of San Francisco.</p> <p>The facts are stated in the opinion.</p>

Key passage — most relied on by later courts

““The first point made for a reversal of the judgment is, that the time appointed for pronouncing it was not at least two days after verdict, and is therefore in violation of section 1191 of the Penal Code. The defendant seems to have made no objection at any time to this action of the trial court, and under the decision of the appellate court in People V. Mess, 65 Cal. 174 [ 3 P. 670 ], the point made is without merit.””

quoted by 1 later decision, including Rose v. District Court of Millard County

Applies CA PEN § 1200

Relies on People v. Carroll · Reynolds v. Superior Court · People v. Mess

Good law ✅— No negative treatment on recordhow we know

Decided 1891-03-02

How this case has been cited

Cited by 6 later decisions — most recently May 1939

3 state decisions

3018911900191019201930decided

Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.

View the full empirical analysis of this case →

Foote, C.

¶1The defendant was convicted by the jury which tried him of "burglary in the first degree. He pleaded not guilty as to that charge, but admitted prior conviction of grand larceny as charged in the information.

¶2The notice of appeal states that the appeal is taken from the judgment, from an order denying a motion in arrest of judgment, and from an order denying a motion for a new trial. But it nowhere appears that any such motions were ever made or acted upon.

¶3There is no bill of exceptions in the record.

¶4The first point made for a reversal of the judgment is, that the time appointed for pronouncing it was not at least two days after verdict, and is therefore in violation of section 1191 of the Penal Code.

¶5The defendant seems to have made no objection at any time to this action of the trial court, and under the decision of the appellate court in People v. Mess, 65 Cal. 174, the point made is without merit.

¶6It is further claimed that, the offeifse being a felony, error is shown upon the minutes of the court, in that it is. there stated that the charge to the jury was given orally. It is true that subdivision 6 of section 1093 of the Penal Code requires that where the charge in such a case is not given in writing, it must be taken down by the *178phonographic reporter. But it is not made to appear here that it was not so taken down, and the presumption must be that it was. The defendant must show error affirmatively. (People v. Tonielli, 81 Cal. 279; People v. Carroll, 80 Cal. 153; People v. Marks, 72 Cal. 46; People v. Huff, 72 Cal. 117; People v. Leong Sing, 77 Cal. 119; People v. Cline, 83 Cal. 377.)

¶7It is said that the judgment was illegally pronounced, because it does not appear from the judgment roll that the defendant was informed, as he should have been, under section 1200 of the Penal Code, by the court, or under its direction, of the nature of the charge against him, or of his plea, or of the verdict. Conceding that it appears to have been held in People v. Murback, 64 Cal. 372, that these preliminary statements are necessary, and that they form no part of the judgment pronounced, yet it does not appear in the record that such statements were not made, and the presumption must be indulged that they were, unless the appellant has shown to the contrary, which he has not done.

¶8The prior conviction of larceny was confessed by the defendant. The jury then passed only upon the charge of burglary. “ The judgment follows the verdict and confession of the defendant, and is in all respects regular,” as we think. (Ex parte Young Ah Gow, 73 Cal. 442.) The admission of prior conviction of larceny here is not shown to have been brought out by any question of the court, but appears, so far as the record shows, to have been voluntarily made when the defendant was called on to plead. As before said, it is for the appellant who claims error to show it.

¶9We perceive no prejudicial error, and advise that the judgment be affirmed.

¶10Belcher, C., and Hayne, C., concurred.

¶11The Cotjet. — For the reasons given in the foregoing opinion, the judgment is affirmed.

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