United States v. Cotnam’s Empirical Analysis
88 F.3d 487 · 1996
Citation profile
54 federal appellate · 2 district · 16 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 102 later decisions — most recently March 2025 · most notably United States v. Jerez (1997), United States v. Mietus (2001)
54 federal appellate · 2 district · 16 state decisions — followed in 12 states
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Applies 18 U.S.C. § 2 · 21 U.S.C. § 841 (§ 401 of the Controlled Substances Act)
Relies on Chapman v. State of California · Schneckloth v. Bustamonte · Chimel v. California · Payton v. New York · Ornelas v. United States
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 102 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“The district court, however, rejected this explanation. In Judge Manning's view, Lassar's comments were not narrowly confined to an attack on defendants' inconsistent statements, but reached well into their refusal to testify. The right against self-incrimination is violated when (1) the prosecutors manifestly intended to refer to the defendant's silence, or (2) the remark was of such a character that the jury would”
6 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“A prosecutor's comment that the government's evidence on an issue is 'uncontradicted,' 'undenied,' 'unrebutted,' 'undisputed,' etc., will be a violation of the defendant's Fifth Amendment rights if the only person who could have contradicted, denied, rebutted or disputed the government's evidence was the defendant himself.”
6 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“(1) whether the prosecutor misstated evidence; (2) whether the statements implicate a specific right of the defendant; (3) whether the defense invited the prosecutor's remarks; (4) the trial court's instructions; (5) the weight of the evidence against the defendant; and (6) the defendant's opportunity to rebut.”
2 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.