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← 88 MINN 130 - State v. Gardner

State v. Gardner’s Empirical Analysis

1902

Citation profile

46
cited by 46 later decisions
13
states following
January 2006
most recently cited

1 district · 45 state decisions

How this case has been cited

Cited by 46 later decisions — most recently January 2006 · most notably Baskerville v. Baskerville (1956), State v. Kemp (1939)

1 district · 45 state decisions — followed in 13 states

10019021910192019301940195019601970198019902000decided

Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.

Relationships

Relies on Boyd v. United States · Counselman v. Hitchcock · The People v. . Jaehne · Emery's case · People v. Markham

Most-quoted passages

The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 46 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.

  1. “not only protects a person from being compelled to give direct evidence tending to establish his guilt, but also from giving any circumstance or link in the chain of evidence which may tend to convict him of a crime.”
    1 later decision quote this exact passage
  2. “must receive a liberal construction, to the end that personal rights may be protected.”
    1 later decision quote this exact passage

How this case has been treated — in progress

Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.