Crowder v. Sinyard’s Empirical Analysis
884 F.2d 804 · 1989
Citation profile
38 federal appellate · 1 district · 5 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 86 later decisions (2 by the Supreme Court) — most recently May 2019 · most notably Horton v. California (1990), McMillian v. Monroe County (1997)
38 federal appellate · 1 district · 5 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Applies 42 U.S.C. § 1983 (Civil Rights Act of 1871 / Section 1983 (Ku Klux Klan Act)) · 42 U.S.C. § 1988
Relies on Terry v. Ohio · Monell v. Department of Social Services of City of New York · Harlow v. Fitzgerald · Anderson v. Creighton · United States v. Leon
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 86 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“[I]f state officials wrongfully and intentionally conceal information crucial to a person's ability to obtain redress through the courts, and do so for the purpose of frustrating that right, and that concealment and the delay engendered by it substantially reduce the likelihood of one's obtaining the relief to which one is otherwise entitled, they may have committed a constitutional violation.”
9 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“courts have held that if state officials in some way retaliate against an individual for seeking redress through the courts, they have violated that person's right of access to the courts.”
2 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the concurrencee.g. Hale v. Townley · Hale v. Townley“most obvious and formal manifestation ... protects one's physical access”
2 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.