89 Wash. 2d 63 - State v. Penn’s Empirical Analysis
1977
Citation profile
19 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 19 later decisions — most recently February 2011
19 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Relies on 88 Wash. 2d 221 - State v. Wanrow · State v. Miller · 69 N.J. Super. 479 - State v. Chiarello · State v. Tribett · State v. Ellis
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 19 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“Use of Force for the Protection of Other Persons,”
2 later decisions quote this exact passage“We are aware this approach may cause an innocent person who is striking in self-defense, to be harmed with impunity merely because appearances were against him. However, we consider this to be a lesser evil than allowing an innocent defender who is acting under a mistake of fact to be convicted of a serious crime.”
1 later decision quote this exact passagee.g. State v. Hooper“the actor believes that his intervention is necessary for the protection of such other person.”
1 later decision quote this exact passage
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.