Russ v. Young’s Empirical Analysis
895 F.2d 1149 · 1989
Citation profile
21 federal appellate · 4 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 49 later decisions — most recently April 2008 · most notably Colon v. Schneider (1990), Higgason v. Farley (1996)
21 federal appellate · 4 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Applies 42 U.S.C. § 1983 (Civil Rights Act of 1871 / Section 1983 (Ku Klux Klan Act))
Relies on Bell v. Wolfish · Hewitt v. Helms · Meachum v. Fano · Olim v. Wakinekona · Kentucky Department of Corrections v. Thompson
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 49 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“'explicitly mandatory language,' i.e., specific directives to the decisionmaker that if the regulations' substantive predicates are present, a particular outcome must follow, in order to create a liberty interest.”
6 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“be employed ... and that [the challenged action] will not occur absent specific substantive predicates.'”
4 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majoritye.g. Kellas v. Lane · Aiello v. Aronson“As long as the conditions or degree of confinement to which the prisoner is subjected is within the sentence imposed upon him and is not otherwise violative of the Constitution, the Due Process Clause does not in itself subject an inmate's treatment by prison authorities to judicial oversight.”
2 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majoritye.g. Stuck v. Aikens · Pardo v. Hosier
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.