United States v. Boylan’s Empirical Analysis
898 F.2d 230 · 1990
Citation profile
280 federal appellate · 50 district · 38 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 439 later decisions — most recently July 2024 · most notably United States v. Sepulveda (1993), United States v. Natanel (1991)
280 federal appellate · 50 district · 38 state decisions — followed in 18 states
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Applies 18 U.S.C. § 1341 (White-Collar Crime Penalty Enhancement Act of 2002) · 18 U.S.C. § 1951 (Hobbs Act) · 18 U.S.C. § 1961 (§ 901 of the Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organizations Act) · 18 U.S.C. § 1962 (§ 901 of the Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organizations Act) · 18 U.S.C. § 371
Relies on Kotteakos v. United States · Delaware v. Van Arsdall · Davis v. Alaska · Ohio Bureau of Employment Services v. Hodory · Sedima Sprl v. Imrex Company Inc
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 439 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“[C]onspiratorial agreement need not be express so long as its existence can plausibly be inferred from the defendants' words and actions and the interdependence of activities and persons involved.”
11 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“difficult battle for a defendant to win.”
11 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“[e]ven where large amounts of testimony are irrelevant to one defendant, or where one defendant's involvement in an overall agreement is far less than the involvement of others,”
10 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.