9 Ariz. App. 29 - State v. Hess’s Empirical Analysis
1969
Citation profile
4 federal appellate · 28 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 32 later decisions — most recently April 2020 · most notably State v. Smith (1986), State v. Rodriguez (1998)
4 federal appellate · 28 state decisions — followed in 11 states
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Relies on Miranda v. State of Arizona Vignera · People v. Ing · State v. Berry · Truex v. State · Carrel v. Lux
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 32 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
““A confession made to a private individual, neither employed by nor acting for the State, may, nevertheless, be involuntary in case it was induced by promises that no complaint to the authorities would be made. Lawton v. State, 152 Fla. 821 , 13 So.2d 211 (1943); Fisher v. State, 379 S.W.2d 900 (Tex.Cr.App.1964); State v. Ely, 237 Or. 329 , 390 P.2d 348 (1964).””
2 later decisions quote this exact passage““The nature of the ‘defense’ of alibi is not that of confession and avoidance as are coercion, duress, self-defense and insanity; alibi, if successful, is proven under the aegis of a general denial. . . . It is true that our criminal rules require that a defendant who would assert an alibi must give notice of his intention to do so, listing the witnesses who shall testify to establish the alibi. . . . However, the purpose of this rule is to guard against the wrongful use of alibi evidence and to give the prosecution time and information to investigate the sources of this evidence.” (p.33.)”
1 later decision quote this exact passagee.g. State v. Skinner“If there is evidence adduced in a given case that the defendant was at another place or at a place so removed that he could not have been present to commit the crime, and if presence is necessary for conviction, then that evidence, if it raised a reasonable doubt to be considered and acted upon by men of common sense and good judgment, would result in an acquittal under the reasonable doubt instruction.”
1 later decision quote this exact passagee.g. State v. Hunt
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.