9 Cal. 4th 189 - People v. Heitzman’s Empirical Analysis
1994
Citation profile
156 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 156 later decisions — most recently April 2019 · most notably 23 Cal. 4th 472 - Kasler v. Lockyer (2000), People v. Honig (1996)
156 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Relies on Grayned v. City of Rockford · Kolender v. Lawson · Grayned v. City of Rockford · Smith v. Goguen · 17 Cal. 3d 425 - Tarasoff v. Regents of University of California
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 156 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“provide[s] definite guidelines for the police in order to prevent arbitrary and discriminatory enforcement. [Citations.]”
3 later decisions quote this exact passage“[I]n determining whether the relevant language [of the challenged statute] is sufficiently certain to meet the constitutional requirement of fair notice, `we look first to the language of the statute, then to its legislative history, and finally to the California decisions construing the statutory language.'”
2 later decisions quote this exact passage“under circumstances or conditions likely to produce great bodily harm or death, willfully causes or permits any child to suffer, or inflicts thereon unjustifiable physical pain or mental suffering....”
2 later decisions quote this exact passage
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.