American Bald Eagle v. Bhatti’s Empirical Analysis
9 F.3d 163 · 1993
Citation profile
9 federal appellate · 12 district ·
How this case has been cited
Cited by 29 later decisions — most recently June 2024 · most notably Marbled Murrelet v. Babbitt (1996), National Association of Home Builders v. A Norton
9 federal appellate · 12 district ·
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Applies 16 U.S.C. § 1532 (§ 3 of the Endangered Species Act of 1973) · 16 U.S.C. § 1538 (§ 9 of the Endangered Species Act of 1973)
Relies on Anderson v. City of Bessemer City · Cotton Petroleum Corp. v. New Mexico · Town of North Bonneville v. United States · United States v. Howard · Pyramid Lake Paiute Tribe of Indians v. United States Department of the Navy
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 29 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“[C]ourts have granted injunctive relief only [if] the alleged activity has actually harmed the species or ... will actually, as opposed to potentially, cause harm to the species.”
5 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“an act which actually kills or injures wildlife. Such act may include significant habitat modification or degradation where it actually kills or injures wildlife by significantly impairing essential behavioral patterns, including breeding, feeding or sheltering.”
3 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“an intentional or negligent act or omission which creates the likelihood of injury to wildlife by annoying it to such an extent as to significantly disrupt normal behavioral patterns which include, but are not limited to, breeding, feeding or sheltering.”
2 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.