United States v. Keller’s Empirical Analysis
902 F.2d 1391 · 1990
Citation profile
170 federal appellate · 4 district · 1 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 280 later decisions — most recently June 2024 · most notably Sanchez v. United States (1995), United States v. De la Fuente (1993)
170 federal appellate · 4 district · 1 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Applies 28 U.S.C. § 2255 (Antiterrorism and Effective Death Penalty Act of 1996)
Relies on Hill v. Lockhart · Santobello v. New York · Starnes v. Penrod Drilling Co. · Lord Electric Co. v. United States · Johnson v. Righetti
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 280 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“Plea agreements are contractual in nature and are measured by contract law standards.”
15 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“In construing an agreement, the court must determine what the defendant reasonably understood to be the terms of the agreement when he pleaded guilty.”
10 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“the wide range of reasonable professional assistance.”
5 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.