Bilal v. Kaplan’s Empirical Analysis
904 F.2d 14 · 1990
Citation profile
10 federal appellate · 1 district ·
How this case has been cited
Cited by 25 later decisions — most recently May 2015 · most notably Catz v. Chalker (1998), Johnson v. Robinson (2009)
10 federal appellate · 1 district ·
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Applies 28 U.S.C. § 1331 · 42 U.S.C. § 1983 (Civil Rights Act of 1871 / Section 1983 (Ku Klux Klan Act))
Relies on McNutt v. General Motors Acceptance Corp. · Agency Holding Corp. v. Malley-Duff & Associates, Inc. · Fox v. Brewer · Harkins v. Eldredge · Koll v. Wayzata State Bank
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 25 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“[t]he conduct of counsel, either retained or appointed, in representing clients, does not constitute action under color of state law for purposes of a section 1983 violation.”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majoritye.g. Bilal v. Bell
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.