Williams v. Roberts’s Empirical Analysis
904 F.2d 634 · 1990
Citation profile
15 federal appellate · 1 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 31 later decisions — most recently August 2016 · most notably Farley v. Nationwide Mutual Insurance (1999), Thurman v. Yellow Freight Systems, Inc. (1996)
15 federal appellate · 1 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Applies 28 U.S.C. § 46 · 42 U.S.C. § 1983 (Civil Rights Act of 1871 / Section 1983 (Ku Klux Klan Act)) · 42 U.S.C. § 1988
Relies on Hensley v. Eckerhart · Pickering v. Board of Education of Township High School District 205 Will County Illinois · Connick v. Myers · Rankin v. McPherson · City of Riverside v. Rivera
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 31 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“in this circuit, the law is clear that a plaintiff so discriminated against in the employment context is normally entitled to reinstatement and back pay, absent special circumstances warranting the denial of equitable relief”
1 later decision quote this exact passage“follows the notion that money damages will seldom suffice to make whole persons who are unlawfully discriminated against in the employment environment”
1 later decision quote this exact passage“subjective apprehension that [the employee's conduct] might have an adverse impact upon”
1 later decision quote this exact passagee.g. Shahar v. Bowers
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.