Contractors Association of Eastern Pennsylvania Inc’s Empirical Analysis
1996
Citation profile
1 federal appellate · 5 district · 2 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 18 later decisions — most recently August 2012
1 federal appellate · 5 district · 2 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Relies on Hazelwood School District v. United States · City of Richmond v. J. A. Croson Co. · Wygant v. Jackson Board of Education · Crisp v. Rubin · Colonial Village, Inc. v. Spann
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 18 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“[R]ace-based preferences cannot be justified by reference to past `societal' discrimination in which the municipality played no material role.”
2 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the concurrencee.g. Lomack · Lomack v. City of Newark“[a]n analysis is not devoid of probative value simply [b]ecause it may theoretically be possible to adopt a more refined approach!.]” Contractors Ass’n of E. Pa. v. City of Philadelphia, 91 F.3d 586, 603 (3d Cir.1996). 10 . Other studies have disputed the value of capacity analysis, explaining that”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the concurrence“[A] court cannot conduct the strict scrutiny review required by Croson without first identifying with specificity the discrimination allegedly giving rise to the compelling state interest.”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the concurrence
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.