United States v. Arango’s Empirical Analysis
912 F.2d 441 · 1990
Citation profile
102 federal appellate · 40 district · 14 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 191 later decisions — most recently September 2024 · most notably United States v. Soto (1993), United States v. Fernandez (1994)
102 federal appellate · 40 district · 14 state decisions — followed in 10 states
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Applies 21 U.S.C. § 841 (§ 401 of the Controlled Substances Act)
Relies on Terry v. Ohio · Rakas v. Illinois · United States v. Brignoni-Ponce · United States v. Sharpe · Smith v. Maryland
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 191 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“determine whether the defendant has exhibited a subjective expectation of privacy in the area searched, and also whether society is willing to recognize that expectation as being objectively reasonable.”
4 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“the proponent must at least state that he gained possession from the owner or someone with the authority to grant possession.”
4 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“By observing the bed of the truck and knocking on it, Hillin and Johnson discovered evidence indicating that the truck had a hidden compartment running underneath the bed. We hold that this evidence, together with the inadequate amount of luggage for Arango's purported two-week vacation, supplied probable cause to arrest Arango.”
2 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.