Rael v. Sullivan’s Empirical Analysis
918 F.2d 874 · 1990
Citation profile
13 federal appellate · 3 district · 2 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 26 later decisions — most recently February 2017 · most notably Hatch v. Oklahoma (1995), United States of America v. Nelly Marguerite Schmitt Degasso (2004)
13 federal appellate · 3 district · 2 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Applies 28 U.S.C. § 2254 (Antiterrorism and Effective Death Penalty Act of 1996)
Relies on Jackson v. Virginia · In the Matter of Samuel Winship · Mullaney v. Wilbur · Engle v. Isaac · Patterson v. New York
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 26 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“a complete failure to instruct on an essential element of an offense violates the right to due process.”
4 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“[T]he Due Process Clause protects the accused against conviction except upon proof beyond a reasonable doubt of every fact necessary to constitute the crime with which he is charged.”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majority“logical application of the rule of In re Winship, [ 397 U.S. 358 (1970),] requiring proof beyond a reasonable doubt of all acts necessary to constitute the offense.”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majoritye.g. Shephard v. Champion
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.