Ramirez v. Holmes’s Empirical Analysis

Citation profile

1 state decisions

Most-quoted passages

The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 22 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.

1. “(1) whether the right in question was defined with ‘reasonable specificity’; (2) whether the decisional law of the Supreme Court and the applicable circuit court support the existence of the right in question; and (3) whether under preexisting law a reasonable defendant official would have understood that his or her acts were unlawful. [T]he qualified immunity defense ... provides ample protection to all but the plainly incompetent or those who knowingly violate the law.... Defendants will not be immune if, on an objective basis, it is obvious that no reasonably competent officer would have concluded that a warrant should issue; but if officers of reasonable competence could disagree on this issue, immunity should be recognized.”

   1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majority
   e.g. Dawkins v. Williams

2. “An officer's determination is objectively reasonable if there was 'arguable' probable cause at the time of arrest-that is, if ‘officers of reasonable competence could disagree on whether the probable cause test was met.'”

   1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majority
   e.g. Picciano v. McLoughlin

3. “'although indefensible and unprofessional,'”

   1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majority
   e.g. 283 F. Supp. 2d 763 - Gill v. Smith