United States v. Robison’s Empirical Analysis
924 F.2d 612 · 1991
Citation profile
37 federal appellate ·
How this case has been cited
Cited by 80 later decisions — most recently April 2025 · most notably United States v. Phibbs (1993), United States v. Wells (2000)
37 federal appellate ·
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Relies on Santobello v. New York · Johnson v. Railway Express Agency, Inc. · City of Philadelphia v. New Jersey · LaBranche v. United States Olympic Committee · United States v. Harvey
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 80 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“[p]lea agreements are contractual in nature. In interpreting and enforcing them, we are to use traditional principles of contract law.”
5 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“'As a general rule, fundamental fairness means that the courts will enforce promises made during the plea bargaining process that induce a criminal defendant to waive his constitutional rights and plead guilty.'”
2 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“is a question of fact to be resolved by the district court. Those findings are reviewed under a clearly erroneous standard on appeal.”
2 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.