United States v. Giunta’s Empirical Analysis
925 F.2d 758 · 1991
Citation profile
143 federal appellate · 1 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 219 later decisions — most recently December 2021 · most notably United States v. Burgos (1996), United States v. Kennedy (1994)
143 federal appellate · 1 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Applies 21 U.S.C. § 843 (§ 403 of the Controlled Substances Act) · 21 U.S.C. § 963
Relies on Jackson v. Virginia · Krulewitch v. United States · Morrison v. People of State of California · United States v. Melchor-Lopez
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 219 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“any rational trier of fact could have found the essential elements of the crime [charged] beyond a reasonable doubt,”
38 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“(1) an agreement between two or more persons ..., (2) to commit in concert an unlawful act.”
19 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“Proof of a conspiracy may of course be by circumstantial evidence; it need not and normally will not be by direct evidence.”
7 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.