Davis’s Empirical Analysis
Citation profile
14 federal appellate · 12 district · 7 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 83 later decisions — most recently December 2018 · most notably Lee v. City of Los Angeles (2001), Avitia v. Metropolitan Club of Chicago, Inc. (1995)
14 federal appellate · 12 district · 7 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Relies on Monell v. Department of Social Services of City of New York · Hensley v. Eckerhart · City of Canton v. Harris · Daniels v. Williams · Pembaur v. City of Cincinnati
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 83 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“[I]t may happen that in light of the duties assigned to specific officers or employees the need for more or different training is so obvious, and the inadequacy so likely to result in the violation of constitutional rights, that the policymakers of the city can reasonably be said to have been deliberately indifferent to the need.”
3 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the concurrence“A jury may award punitive damages under section 1983 either when a defendant's conduct was driven by evil motive or intent, or when it involved a reckless or callous indifference to the constitutional rights of others.”
3 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the concurrence“admissible evidence that reasonable minds might accept as adequate to support a conclusion.”
2 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the concurrence
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.