United States v. Crotinger’s Empirical Analysis
928 F.2d 203 · 1991
Citation profile
33 federal appellate · 4 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 59 later decisions — most recently March 2016 · most notably United States v. Ferguson (1993), United States v. Wright (1994)
33 federal appellate · 4 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Applies 21 U.S.C. § 841 (§ 401 of the Controlled Substances Act)
Relies on Carroll v. United States · Chambers v. Maroney · United States v. Ross · United States v. Chadwick · Arkansas v. Sanders
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 59 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“whether a reasonable officer would have made the stop based on a probable cause for a traffic violation in the absence of an invalid purpose.”
6 later decisions quote this exact passage“[o]bjectively, it is reasonable for a police officer operating a speed trap to stop and ticket vehicles going 66 mph in a 55 mph zone.”
2 later decisions quote this exact passage
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.