United States v. Thomas’s Empirical Analysis
93 F.3d 479 · 1996
Citation profile
73 federal appellate · 3 district · 4 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 98 later decisions — most recently August 2016 · most notably United States v. Flores (2004), United States v. Molina (1999)
73 federal appellate · 3 district · 4 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Applies 18 U.S.C. § 924 · 21 U.S.C. § 841 (§ 401 of the Controlled Substances Act)
Relies on Schneckloth v. Bustamonte · Whren v. United States · Bailey v. United States · United States v. Dunnigan · Brewster v. Derwinski
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 98 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“objectively ha[d] a reasonable basis for believing that the driver has breached a traffic law.'”
4 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“Under [the Whren ] objective test, so long as police have probable cause to believe that a traffic violation has occurred, the stop is valid even if the police would have ignored the traffic violation but for their suspicion that greater crimes are afoot.”
3 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“[t]he district court must review the evidence and make [an] independent finding, by a preponderance of the evidence, of perjury in order to impose a sentence enhancement for obstruction of justice.”
2 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.