Sanchez’s Empirical Analysis
Citation profile
4 federal appellate · 24 district · 1 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 85 later decisions — most recently July 2022 · most notably Gilbrook v. City of Westminster (1999), Gilbrook
4 federal appellate · 24 district · 1 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Relies on McDonnell Douglas Corp. v. Green · Monell v. Department of Social Services of City of New York · Harlow v. Fitzgerald · Anderson v. Creighton · Mt. Healthy City School District Board of Education v. Doyle
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 85 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“To be actionable, the conspiracy must result in overt acts, done in furtherance of the conspiracy, that are both the cause in fact and proximate cause of plaintiffs' injuries.”
3 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majoritye.g. Paul Gilbrook Michael Garrison Don Herr Hal Raphael Dana Bowler Joe Wilson, Davis, Reno & Courtney, Plaintiff-Intervenor-Appellee v. City of Westminster Charles v. Smith Craig Schweisinger Tony Lam Don S. Anderson John T. Demonaco Brian Mayhew, Paul Gilbrook Michael Garrison Don Herr Hal Raphael Dana Bowler Westminster Fire Fighters Association, Local 2425 Joe Wilson International Association of Fire Fighters, Afl-Cio, Davis, Reno & Courtney, Plaintiff-Intervenor-Appellee v. City of Westminster Charles v. Smith Craig Schweisinger Tony Lam Don S. Anderson John T. Demonaco Brian Mayhew, Paul Gilbrook Michael Garrison Don Herr Hal Raphael Dana Bowler Westminster Fire Fighters Association, Local 2425 International Association of Fire Fighters, Afl-Cio Joe Wilson, Davis, Reno & Courtney, Plaintiff-Intervenor-Appellee v. City of Westminster Charles v. Smith Craig Schweisinger Tony Lam Don S. Anderson John T. Demonaco Brian Mayhew · 261 F. Supp. 2d 1226 - Schmitz v. Mars, Inc.“claim[ed].” Id. at 1031 . The hostile work environment claim was submitted to a bench trial and the district court granted a directed verdict in favor of the defendant. In affirming the directed verdict, the court did not provide an extended analysis on the hostile work environment claim. The court simply stated: "We cannot say that the district court’s ultimate conclusion, that the plaintiffs failed to prove the existence of a discriminatory atmosphere, is incorrect as a matter of law.”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majority“(1) the statement that brought on the retaliation is one of “public concern,” (2) the constitutionally protected expression is a “substantial” or “motivational” factor in the employer’s adverse decision or conduct; and (3) the interests of the plaintiff/employee in commenting on the matter of public concern outweigh the state’s interest in maintaining efficient public services.”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majority
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.