Slattery v. Rizzo’s Empirical Analysis
939 F.2d 213 · 1991
Citation profile
46 federal appellate · 6 district · 8 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 132 later decisions — most recently June 2025 · most notably Shaw v. Stroud (1994), Okwa v. Harper (2000)
46 federal appellate · 6 district · 8 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Applies 42 U.S.C. § 1983 (Civil Rights Act of 1871 / Section 1983 (Ku Klux Klan Act))
Relies on Harlow v. Fitzgerald · Anderson v. Creighton · Graham v. Connor · Mitchell v. Forsyth · Tennessee v. Garner
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 132 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“[i]f a reasonable officer could have found probable cause to believe that [Jacques Brooks] presented a serious threat of personal harm at the time that [Sneed] pulled the trigger, then as a matter of law, [Sneed] is entitled to qualified immunity.”
7 later decisions quote this exact passage“[g]overnment officials performing discretionary functions are shielded from civil liability”
7 later decisions quote this exact passage“[f]or purposes of determining whether a defendant is entitled to qualified immunity the plaintiff's rights must be clearly established under the particular circumstances confronting the official at the time of the questioned action”
3 later decisions quote this exact passage
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.