United States v. Shields’s Empirical Analysis
939 F.2d 780 · 1991
Citation profile
22 federal appellate ·
Relationships
Applies 18 U.S.C. § 3231 · 18 U.S.C. § 3553 · 21 U.S.C. § 331 (Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act) · 28 U.S.C. § 1291
Relies on Miller v. Florida · Carter v. Nesby · United States v. Turner · United States v. Nuno-Para · United States v. Carvajal
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 35 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“'[R]elevant conduct,' as defined by section 1B1.3, includes quantities of drugs involved in the same course of conduct as the count of conviction.”
4 later decisions quote this exact passage“not adequately taken into consideration by the Sentencing Commission”
2 later decisions quote this exact passage“Organizer, Leader, Manager, or Supervisor”
2 later decisions quote this exact passage
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.