Church v. State’s Empirical Analysis

Citation profile

5 state decisions

Most-quoted passages

The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 5 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.

1. “1) On 11-13-03, reasonable suspicion to stop, detain, and question the Defendant existed in that the vehicle he was driving was involved in a collision with another vehicle at Fraternity Row in College Station, Texas. 2) On the same date, probable cause to arrest the Defendant existed in that there was probable cause to believe that Defendant was operating a motor vehicle in a public place while intoxicated, because in addition to the facts in No. 1, Defendant: had a strong odor of an alcoholic beverage on his breath; had very slurred speech and seemed lethargic; almost lost his balance when exiting his vehicle and trying to walk; had glassy, bloodshot eyes; on the horizontal gaze nystagmus test, in both eyes, lacked smooth pursuit, had distinct nystagmus at maximum deviation, and had nystagmus onset prior to 45 degrees; had vertical nystagmus; on the walk-and-turn test, could not balance during instructions, started too soon, did not touch heel to toe, used his arms to balance, and made an improper turn or lost his balance on the turn; and on the one-leg stand, swayed while balancing, put his foot down, and used his arms for balance.”

   1 later decision quote this exact passage
   e.g. Department of Public Safety v. Hirschman