United States v. Lopez’s Empirical Analysis
944 F.2d 33 · 1991
Citation profile
65 federal appellate · 7 district · 1 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 97 later decisions — most recently September 2020 · most notably United States v. Cisneros-Gutierrez (2008), United States v. Eusebio Escobar-De Jesus (1999)
65 federal appellate · 7 district · 1 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Applies 21 U.S.C. § 843 (§ 403 of the Controlled Substances Act) · 21 U.S.C. § 846 (§ 406 of the Controlled Substances Act) · 28 U.S.C. § 455
Relies on Santobello v. New York · United States v. Powell · Dunn v. United States · United States v. Zannino · California v. ARC America Corp.
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 97 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“sustain a rational verdict of guilt beyond a reasonable doubt.”
4 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“the Supreme Court has made it clear that verdict inconsistency in itself is not a sufficient basis for vacating a conviction.”
3 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“[wjhether the charge of lack of impartiality is grounded on facts that would create a reasonable doubt concerning the judge’s impartiality, not in the mind of the judge himself or even necessarily in the mind of the litigant filing the motion under 28 U.S.C. § 455 , but rather in the mind of the reasonable man.”
2 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.